The first edition of the paper including the previous case studies updated in this version can be found on the same page:

URL: https://council.science/publications/ai-science-systems

Incluye referencias bibliográficas.

The dominant notion communicated today on the influence of artificial intelligence (AI) is its capacity to change everything across all sectors, including science (Khalif et al., 2023; Nature, 2023; Van Noorden and Perkel, 2023; Miller, 2024). Beyond the promises of new advances in different fields of research, a set of critical questions is emerging about the impact of AI on the documentation, funding and reporting of science:

• How is the increasing use of AI going to influence research funding allocation?
• What research data standards will evolve? How will AI change the nature of scientific outputs?
• How will scientific careers evolve with the increasing use of AI in research?
• What investments in infrastructures are required for the successful uptake of AI by the science sector?
• What legal adjustments are needed to enable the use of AI in research while ensuring high standards in the responsible conduct of science?
• How is AI going to affect international research collaborations?

Discussions around these questions are critical for the future of science and research systems. Research institutions and ministries are beginning to tackle them, although with limited resources to guide them. As this study will show, there remains a notable absence of comprehensive literature regarding the impact of AI on the structural aspects of science and research.